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20090329

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"World switches off to save planet in "Earth Hour"." ... "Lights went out at tourism landmarks and homes across the globe on Saturday for Earth Hour 2009, a global event designed to highlight the threat from climate change." ... "Organizers said the action showed millions of people wanted governments to work out a strong new [United Nations] U.N. deal to fight global warming by the end of 2009, even though the global economic crisis has raised worries about the costs." ... "The U.N. Climate Panel says greenhouse gas emissions are warming the planet and will lead to more floods, droughts, heatwaves, rising sea levels and animal and plant extinctions." ... "World emissions have risen by about 70 percent since the 1970s." -By Jon Boyle

-Reuters

20081209

Plants

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Canada

"Tree's rapid decline sounds alarm on global warming." ... "The whitebark pine, a tree found in the high elevations of the western U.S. [United States] and Canada, is being killed as a consequence of global warming and should be protected as an endangered species, an environmental group formally told the Interior Department Tuesday." ... "If the federal government accepts the scientific arguments in a petition by the Natural Resources Defense Council, it would be the first time a wide-ranging tree has been added to the list. The NRDC [Natural Resources Defense Council] also sees an endangered designation as a warning about worsening climate change." ... "The whitebark pine has declined dramatically due to a triple threat — a disease called the white pine blister rust; the mountain pine beetle, which thrives in the warmer high-altitude conditions produced by the burning of fossil fuels, and forest management practices that have allowed other trees to crowd it out, the NRDC's petition said." ... "Warming also will limit the range of the whitebark pine, the petition said. Many live more than 500 years." ... "The whitebark pine stabilizes the soil and shades the snow, providing water over longer periods for other plants. Grizzly bears, smaller mammals and birds eat its seeds, and elk, grouse and other mountain animals find shelter beneath it." -By Renee Schoof

-McClatchyDC.com

Gov Reference: "Whitebark Pine Communities"

20080507

Water - Infrastructure - Human - Health - Safety - Enforcement - Environment - Underground - Money - History - Weather - Animals - Plants - "Aging systems releasing sewage into rivers, streams." ... "America's aging sewer systems continue to dump human waste into rivers and streams, despite years of fines and penalties targeting publicly owned agencies responsible for sewage overflows, a Gannett News Service analysis shows." ... "The analysis of Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) data found that since 2003, hundreds of municipal sewer authorities have been fined for violations, including spills that make people sick, threaten local drinking water and kill aquatic animals and plants." ... "DATABASE: Sewer treatment plant reports by state[.]" ... "Local governments across the USA plan to spend billions modernizing failing wastewater systems — some of which are more than 100 years old — over the next 10 to 20 years, EPA, state and local sewer authority officials said." ... "Those improvement efforts face a huge challenge mitigating problems in what the EPA estimates to be 1.2 million miles of sewers snaking underground across the USA." ... "Waste gurgles from manholes and gushes down streams and rivers somewhere in the USA almost every day, the EPA estimates." ... "Gannett News Service analyzed enforcement and compliance records compiled by the EPA and state regulators from January 2003 to February 2008." ... "The analysis found that at least one-third of the nation's large, publicly owned sewage treatment systems were the subject of formal enforcement actions by the EPA or state regulators for sewage spills or other violations. Those enforcement actions included fines as well as orders to fix problems or expand treatment capacity. Fines totaling $35 million were assessed against 494 of the nation's 4,200 municipal facilities that treat at least 1 million gallons of sewage daily, the analysis shows." ... "An EPA 2004 report to Congress estimated that 850 billion gallons of storm water mixed with raw sewage pour into U.S. waters every year from older, combined sewer systems that were designed to overflow in wet weather. These combined systems, built by cities in the 19th and early 20th centuries, are now considered antiquated and a threat to public health and the environment, according to the EPA and environmental groups." ... "The EPA's 2002 Clean Water and Drinking Water Infrastructure Gap Analysis reported the nation's municipal sewer authorities' capital needs to meet clean water requirements from 2000 to 2019 ranged from $331 billion to $450 billion. Based on that data, the National Association of Clean Water Agencies now puts that range at $350 billion to $500 billion for the next 20 years, association spokeswoman Susan Bruninga said." -By Larry Wheeler and Grant Smith with contributions by Robert Benincasa and Dan Klepal -USATODAY

20080503

People - Health - Environment - Trees - Global - Earth - Science - Politics - Book - North Carolina - "Caring for planet increasingly tied to faith groups." ... "Abraham sits at the oaks. Deborah holds court under a palm tree. Moses speaks to a bush." ... ""I would say connecting this to the Bible is important for some people," said Dr. Matthew Sleeth, a former hospital chief of staff who couldn't shake the faces of patients with seemingly increasing environment-related illnesses. So he quit his job, gave away half his belongings and began spreading the word on the urgency of people paying more attention to the environment." ... "Pointing out the symbolism of trees in Scripture has helped Sleeth link faith with personal responsibility. His book, "Serve God and Save the Planet: A Christian Call to Action," is in its seventh printing. Sleeth also has a prominent role in the publication of an upcoming "green Bible."" ... ""The change has come when people who are strong in their faith, who might be against it," Sleeth says of the deterioration of the Earth, "then go look at the Bible with this in mind and they see a different story."" ... "The statewide faith and environment conference that Sleeth will co-headline at Catawba College in Salisbury [North Carolina] this month grew out of a meeting among Greensboro [North Carolina] houses of worship at Holy Trinity Episcopal Church. Participants tried to broaden the conversation between the scientific and faith-based communities." ... ""When people realize that there is this direct tie between our own faith and being good stewards of this Earth," said John Wear, founding director of Catawba's Center for the Environment, "then it gives them a purpose that didn't exist before."" -By Nancy McLaughlin -News-Record.com
CenterForTheEnvironment.org

20080430

Agriculture - Factory - Companies - Poor - People - Nutrition - Health - US - - World - Biofuel - Air - Soil - Water - Environment - Animals - Plants - Science - "Shortages Threaten Farmers’ Key Tool: Fertilizer." ... "Some kinds of fertilizer have nearly tripled in price in the last year, keeping farmers from buying all they need. That is one of many factors contributing to a rise in food prices that, according to the United Nations’ World Food Program, threatens to push tens of millions of poor people into malnutrition." ... "Rising demand for food and biofuels prompted farmers everywhere to plant more crops." ... "Fertilizer companies are confident the shortage will be solved eventually, noting that they plan to build scores of new factories. But that will probably create fresh problems in the long run as the world grows more dependent on fossil fuels to produce chemical fertilizers." ... "The demand for fertilizer has been driven by a confluence of events, including population growth, shrinking world grain stocks and the appetite for corn and palm oil to make biofuel. But experts say the biggest factor has been the growing demand for food, especially meat, in the developing world." ... "Fertilizer is plant food, a combination of nutrients added to soil to help plants grow. The three most important are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The latter two have long been available. But nitrogen in a form that plants can absorb is scarce, and the lack of it led to low crop yields for centuries." ... "That limitation ended in the early 20th century with the invention of a procedure, now primarily fueled by natural gas, that draws chemically inert nitrogen from the air and converts it into a usable form." ... "Environmental groups fear increased use, particularly of nitrogen fertilizer made using fossil fuels. Because plants do not absorb all the nitrogen, much of it leaches into streams and groundwater. That runoff has long been recognized as a major pollution problem, and it is growing." ... "A barometer of the pollution is the rising number of dead zones where rivers meet the sea. In the Gulf of Mexico, for instance, nitrogen runoff from fields in the Corn Belt washes downstream and feeds plant life in the gulf. The algae blooms suck oxygen from the water, killing other marine life." (1, 2) -By Keith Bradsher and Andrew Martin -NYTimes

20080331

Food - Agriculture - Plant - Land - History - Ethanol - Companies - Animal - Consumers - "Corn forecast suggests rise in food prices is ahead." ... "U.S. [United States] farmers plan to cut back corn planting and boost soybean production, a shift that could send ripples from the farm belt to your grocery bills." ... "The U.S. Department of Agriculture on Monday released its prospective plantings report. The report, which came amid surging grain prices, bore news that affects grain farmers, livestock producers, ethanol companies, food processors and, ultimately, consumers." ... "Corn plantings are expected to fall 8 percent this year, to 86 million acres, according to the Department of Agriculture. Last year farmers planted a post-World War II record of nearly 94 million acres of corn to meet burgeoning demand for ethanol, which is expected to soon absorb about 30 percent of domestic corn production." ... "“Last year many soybean growers switched from soybeans to corn as ethanol expansion strongly increased the demand for corn,” the Department of Agriculture said." ... "This year, though, many of the 86,000 farmers surveyed for the report said they were shifting production back toward soybeans, which had surged in price. Soybean planting is expected to increase 18 percent this year, to almost 75 million acres." ... "Corn is trading near its record-high price of $5.70 a bushel, more than double the price of two years ago. Soybeans are hovering around $12 a bushel, nearly double last year’s level." (1, 2) -By Victoria Sizemore Long -KansasCity.com

20080208

Biofuels - Plants - Greenhouse Gas - Global - Climate - Science - Agriculture - Land - Environmental - Economy - Food - "Biofuels Deemed a Greenhouse Threat." ... "Almost all biofuels used today cause more greenhouse gas emissions than conventional fuels if the full emissions costs of producing these “green” fuels are taken into account, two studies being published Thursday have concluded." ... "The benefits of biofuels have come under increasing attack in recent months, as scientists took a closer look at the global environmental cost of their production. These latest studies, published in the prestigious journal Science, are likely to add to the controversy." ... "These studies for the first time take a detailed, comprehensive look at the emissions effects of the huge amount of natural land that is being converted to cropland globally to support biofuels development." ... "The destruction of natural ecosystems — whether rain forest in the tropics or grasslands in South America — not only releases greenhouse gases into the atmosphere when they are burned and plowed, but also deprives the planet of natural sponges to absorb carbon emissions. Cropland also absorbs far less carbon than the rain forests or even scrubland that it replaces." ... "Together the two studies offer sweeping conclusions: It does not matter if it is rain forest or scrubland that is cleared, the greenhouse gas contribution is significant. More important, they discovered that, taken globally, the production of almost all biofuels resulted, directly or indirectly, intentionally or not, in new lands being cleared, either for food or fuel." (1, 2) -By Elisabeth Rosenthal -NYTimes

20080116

Brazil - Farms - Illegal - Business - History - Land - Plants - Global - Weather - Science - "Amazon deforestation seen surging." ... "[Brazil's National Institute for Space Research scientist Carlos] Nobre, whose government agency monitors the Amazon and gathers data, said that 2,300 square miles of [Brazil's] forest had been lost in the past four months." ... "That compares with an estimated 3,700 square miles in the 12 months ended July 31, which Brazil officials hailed as the lowest deforestation rate since the 1970s." ... "Brazil's government has said that policies such as more controls on illegal logging and better certification of land ownership were reducing the deforestation that has destroyed about a fifth of the forest -- an area bigger than France -- since the 1970s." ... "But environmental groups have warned that rising global commodity prices are likely to fuel more clearing of land for farms, as occurred in 2004 when Brazil recorded the highest deforestation rate of more than 10,400 square miles (27,000 square km )." ... "Destruction of forests produces about 20 percent of man-made carbon dioxide emissions, making conservation of the Amazon crucial to limiting rises in global temperatures." (1, 2) -By Stuart Grudgings with contributions by Cynthia Osterman -Reuters

20080108

Agriculture - Plant - Energy - Economy - Food - Nebraska - N Dakota - S Dakota - "Grass Makes Better Ethanol than Corn Does: Midwestern farms prove switchgrass could be the right crop for producing ethanol to replace gasoline." ... "Farmers in Nebraska and the Dakotas [North and South] brought the U.S. [United States] closer to becoming a biofuel economy, planting huge tracts of land for the first time with switchgrass—a native North American perennial grass (Panicum virgatum) that often grows on the borders of cropland naturally—and proving that it can deliver more than five times more energy than it takes to grow it." ... "Working with the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), the farmers tracked the seed used to establish the plant, fertilizer used to boost its growth, fuel used to farm it, overall rainfall and the amount of grass ultimately harvested for five years on fields ranging from seven to 23 acres in size (three to nine hectares)." ... "Once established, the fields yielded from 5.2 to 11.1 metric tons of grass bales per hectare, depending on rainfall, says USDA plant scientist Ken Vogel. "It fluctuates with the timing of the precipitation,'' he says. "Switchgrass needs most of its moisture in spring and midsummer. If you get fall rains, it's not going to do that year's crops much good."" ... "But yields from a grass that only needs to be planted once would deliver an average of 13.1 megajoules of energy as ethanol for every megajoule of petroleum consumed—in the form of nitrogen fertilizers or diesel for tractors—growing them. "It's a prediction because right now there are no biorefineries built that handle cellulosic material" like that which switchgrass provides, Vogel notes. "We're pretty confident the ethanol yield is pretty close." This means that switchgrass ethanol delivers 540 percent of the energy used to produce it, compared with just roughly 25 percent more energy returned by corn-based ethanol according to the most optimistic studies." -By David Biello -SciAm

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20070912

World - Animals - Plants - - "Gorillas and coral at top of endangered list." ... "The world's animal kingdom continues to be jeopardized as more than a hundred new species make it onto the endangered list." ... "The western gorilla, a Chinese dolphin and even coral are all at the top of the World Conservation Union's (IUCN) priority cases, according to the organization's Red List[*] released Wednesday." ... "Furthermore, one in four mammals, one in eight birds, one third of all amphibians and 70 per cent of the world's assessed plants are also endangered." ... ""This year's IUCN Red List shows that the invaluable efforts made so far to protect species are not enough," said Julia Marton-Lefèvre, the IUCN's director general in a news release. "The rate of biodiversity loss is increasing and we need to act now to significantly reduce it and stave off this global extinction crisis. This can be done, but only with a concerted effort by all levels of society."" -CTV.ca

20070806

Idaho - Nevada - Utah - Wildfire - Plants - Animals - Politics - "Western governors blame cheatgrass for 2007 wildfire woes." ... "Four Western governors declared war Monday on cheatgrass, a nonnative weedy grass they blame for filling the West's open spaces with flammable fuels feeding this summer's massive wildfires." ... "Still, their efforts could be complicated by a shortage of seeds of other grasses needed to restore the charred landscape before cheatgrass takes hold. In fact, some of the federal Bureau of Land Management territory where such seeds are collected has been burned." ... "And environmentalists are leery about the plans for replanting, fearing they'll concentrate on grasses that provide forage for livestock rather than native vegetation that helps wildlife such as sage grouse." ... "So far this year, wildfires in Idaho, Nevada and Utah have burned thousands of square miles, including the giant Murphy Complex fires on the Idaho-Nevada border that torched an area as large as Rhode Island." -By John Miller -AP via -SeattlePI

20060918

Plants - Food - Wisconsin - "E. coli spinach scare increases to 21 states." ... "The nationwide health scare over [E. coli] bacteria-ridden spinach widened Monday, as the number of states reporting sickness linked to the outbreak increased to 21." ... "Earlier Monday, the Food and Drug Administration widened its warning against eating any bagged spinach to include all fresh spinach." ... "At least 111 people have become ill." ... "Investigators have blamed a death in Wisconsin on the outbreak, said Dr. David Acheson of the FDA." ... "The victims are believed to be infected with the strain of E. coli called 0157:H7, he told reporters in a telephone conference call Sunday night. Fifty-six were hospitalized, at least 16 with a form of kidney failure called hemolytic uremic syndrome." -CNN

20051212

Animals - Plants - Science - "Extinction alert for 800 species." ... "Researchers have compiled a global map of sites where animals and plants face imminent extinction." ... "The list, drawn up by a coalition of conservation groups, covers almost 800 species which they say will disappear soon unless urgent measures are taken." ... "Writing in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the researchers say protecting some of these sites would cost under $1,000 per year." ... "They come together under the umbrella of a relatively new organisation, the Alliance for Zero Extinction (AZE), whose aim is exactly what the name implies." -By Richard Black -BBC /News

ZeroExtinction.org

Animals - Plants - Science - "Extinction "Hotspots" Revealed in New Study." ... "Extinct." ... "This moniker of doom is destined for 794 species of animals and trees currently eking out an existence in 595 sites around the world, conservationists warned today." ... ""All these are spots where extinction is likely to strike next if we don't do anything," said Taylor Ricketts, director of science for the World Wildlife Fund in Washington, D.C." ... ""That 'if we dont do anything' is the big part of this idea," he added. "These places present the most clear opportunity to slow down and stem the extinction episode we are in now."" ... "Ricketts and colleagues with the recently formed conservation group Alliance for Zero Extinction will publish their findings in the December 20 issue of the research journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences." (1, 2) -By John Roach -NationalGeographic>News

20051204

Christmas - Plants - Business - "We’re buying trees via Internet, catalog." ... "A growing number of American families are buying real Christmas trees via the Internet or by mail order — this year, an estimated 330,000 people will make their tree selections after gazing at computer screens or paging through catalogs, the National Christmas Tree Association says." ... "That’s barely a blip on the holiday radar when compared with the 27.1 million real Christmas trees sold last year at chain stores, through nonprofit groups, from retail lots, harvested for a price from choose-and-cut farms or by permit from public lands." -By Dean Fosdick -AP via -QCTimes

20051009

Iraq - Australia - US - Business - "Iraq snubs Australia, buys U.S. wheat." ... "Iraq will buy one million tons of U.S. wheat in the next few days under a policy that puts the government rather than the suppliers in charge of shipping the cargo, Deputy Prime Minister Ahmad Chalabi said on Sunday." ... "The Iraqi government, among the world's major buyers of commodities, chose U.S. wheat after Australia failed to make offers under the new Free on Board (FOB) system, Chalabi, a key official behind procurement decisions, told Reuters" (1, 2) -By Khaled Yacoub Oweis -Reuters

20050330

- - - - - - - - Food - Animals - Millennium Ecosystem Assessment - "U.N. Study: Earth's Health Deteriorating: U.N. Study Warns Growing Populations, Economic Activity Have Strained the Earth's Ecosystems." ... "Unless nations adopt more eco-friendly policies, increased human demands for food, clean water and fuels could speed the disappearance of forests, fish and fresh water reserves and lead to more frequent disease outbreaks over the next 50 years, it warned." (1, 2) -By Catherine McAloon with contributions by Kenji Hall -AP via -ABCNEWS.com

20031104

- - "California's search for wildfire solutions: Officials examine everything from role of the military in firefighting to retrofitting roofs to double-pane windows." ... "Even though the fires consumed 172,000 acres, relatively few homes in the county were destroyed. One reason: strict laws that order backcountry residents to clear brush from within 100 feet of homes." ... "As mundane as it sounds, strictures like this are part of a fundamental rethinking going on across California in the wake of the worst fires since the Yellowstone infernos in 1978. From forest- thinning practices to the role of the military, California officials are examining ways to prevent a repeat of the fires that cost the state more than $2 billion." -By Randy Dotinga -CSMonitor

20031027

"More homes lost in Calif. wildfires." ... "Wildfires destroyed 25 more homes in Southern California overnight, and thousands more were under threat. Officials urged businesses to let employees stay home Monday as forecasters warned of hotter weather and strong, dry winds — perfect fuel for blazes that have been blamed for at least 13 deaths and the destruction of 850 homes since last week." ... "The fires have consumed more than 330,000 acres — the equivalent of 500 square miles. In many parts of the region, the fires kept growing despite the frantic efforts of more than 7,000 firefighters." -MS-NBC

20030812

- - - Tucson News - "Focus on conservation as Bush visits the West: Trip attempts to counter controversial environmental record." ... "President Bush opened a three-week drive Monday to bolster his environmental image by drawing attention to conservationist elements of White House policies embraced by the oil, gas and logging industries." ... "Republican strategists said the swing through the West was designed as insurance against expected campaign portrayals of Bush as a negligent steward of the air, water and land." ... "Bush flew from his ranch in Texas to a national forest near Tucson to view the aftermath of the Aspen fire, an 85,000-acre wildfire that destroyed 333 cabins and other buildings in June and July." -By Mike Allen -WashingtonPost via -SFGate.com

20030704

- Tucson News - "Wildfire Spreads in Ariz.; Trees Thinned." ... "The fire pushed toward the foothills of the Catalina Mountains, coming within about three miles of the visitor center of Sabino Canyon, a popular recreation area. Heavy smoke forced the canyon's closure Wednesday, and fire officials were asking residents of about 50 upscale homes in the area to evacuate." -AP via -Guardian.co.uk

20021217

Christmas - "Chain Stores Take on Christmas Trees." ... "Operating a roadside Christmas tree stand has never been a huge moneymaker, and now that the big boys have moved into the market it's even tougher." ... "The National Christmas Tree Association says 17 percent of the roughly 30 million Christmas trees sold last year were at large chain stores, such as Wal-Mart, Home Depot, Lowe's and Target. That's up from 14 percent in 2000 - the first year the association began tracking sales at chain stores - and came even as the overall market shrank a bit." -By Clarke Canfield -AP via -SeattlePI.NWsource

20021114

- - - "USDA Orders Prodigene Biocorn Destroyed in Iowa." ... "A small biotech company experimenting with a corn variety engineered to produce insulin was ordered to destroy 155 acres of the crop in Iowa because it may have contaminated nearby fields, the U.S. Agriculture Department said on Thursday." ... "A growing number of U.S. companies are experimenting with biotech corn to produce cheaper proteins and compounds for use in pharmaceuticals. ProdiGene's biotech corn grown for pharmaceutical use is not federally approved for human or livestock feed." ... "The USDA, along with the Food and Drug Administration, is trying to determine if the Texas-based company violated any federal regulations. ProdiGene could face fines of up to $500,000 for each violation." -By Randy Fabi -Reuters/Politics
- - - "Biotech Firm Mishandled Corn in Iowa." ... "The biotechnology company that mishandled gene-altered corn in Nebraska did the same thing in Iowa, the government disclosed yesterday." ... "The disclosure raised new questions about the conduct of ProdiGene Inc., a company in College Station, Tex., that is now under investigation for allegedly violating government permits in two states. The ProdiGene matter is proving to be a black eye for the biotech industry, which has been trying to reassure the public it can be trusted not to contaminate the food supply." -By Justin Gillis -WashingtonPost

20020904

- "U.S. Is Stepping Up Drive to Destroy Coca [plants, used to create cocaine,] in Colombia." ... "With the full support of the Colombian president, the United States has begun what American officials say will be the biggest and most aggressive effort yet to wipe out coca growing [through aeiral spraying]." ... "But despite the rosy predictions, drug policy analysts and some lawmakers in Washington warn that the intensified program could just cause coca planting to spread to a wider area." ... Also, "the spraying has raised the concerns of some environmental groups." 20020829 -By Juan Forero -NYTimes via -AltaVista-News

20020827

"Bush's job numbers raise questions." ... "During a sweep through Oregon last week, President Bush touted the 100,000 jobs he said more logging on federal lands could bring to the Northwest." ... "One problem: Most of those jobs already exist." -AP via -RegisterGuard

20020528

"Study Touts Broccoli to Fight Ulcers, Cancer." ... "It started in 1992, when Hopkins pharmacology professor Paul Talalay and his colleagues showed that sulforaphane -- a substance produced in the body from a compound in broccoli -- could trigger the production of phase II enzymes. The enzymes can detoxify cancer-causing chemicals and are among the most potent anti-cancer compounds known." -By Rick Weiss -WashingtonPost

20011121

"Curry 'may slow Alzheimer's'." It's possible that the spice "turmeric may play a role in slowing down the progression of the neurodegenerative disease." ... "The crucial chemical is curcumin, a compound found in the spice." -BBC /News /health

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