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/ Research / Enron / Archive ENRON NEWS ARCHIVE See also: Recent Enron News. 20020730 "Merrill Denies Helping Enron Hide Losses." ... "An official at Merrill Lynch & Co. Inc. asked whether the firm would suffer a "reputational risk" if it helped "aid/abet" Enron Corp. to sweeten its books by entering into a $7 million deal, according to documents presented at a Senate hearing today." ... "Senators sharply criticized Merrill for contradicting documents that congressional investigators had gathered from the firm's own files, including one internal Merrill 1999 communication that called the Nigerian barge deal "the most unusual deal of the week" and said it was a "'relationship' loan."" -WashingtonPost  "Merrill Lynch denies helping Enron cover up ailing finances." ... "Skeptical senators accused Merrill Lynch & Co. today of abandoning its moral, if not legal, responsibility to investors by helping Enron hide its financial problems despite a host of ethical questions." ... "At issue was whether Merrill Lynch did Enron the favor of buying an energy-producing barge service in Nigeria -- with Enron promising the service would be bought in six months -- knowing that the energy giant was going to claim the transaction as a sale to boost its earnings statements. Technically, senators said, the transaction was a loan, not a sale, and Merrill Lynch knew it." -AP via  -HoustonChronicle.com  "Merrill [Lynch] Replaced Research Analyst Who Upset Enron." ... "In the summer of 1998, when it was eager to win more investment banking business from Enron, Merrill Lynch replaced a research analyst who had angered Enron executives by rating the company's stock "neutral" with an analyst who soon upgraded the rating, according to Congressional investigators." ... "The chairman of the Senate committee, Carl Levin, Democrat of Michigan, said Merrill was part of several "troubling" deals with Enron. The panel's ranking Republican, Susan M. Collins of Maine, added that it appeared Merrill "knowingly participated in deals that were used to make Enron's financial position appear more robust than it actually was."" -By Richard A. Oppel Jr. -NYTimes via  -AltaVista-News  20020729 "Enron art committee spent millions in final months." ... "Most of the works are now in storage, awaiting sale. And while art lovers lament the loss, others view the spending spree as symbolic of the arrogance of Enron's leadership." ... ""To be amassing a collection of art while the ship is sinking - it's the symbol of the thing," said Dr. W. Michael Hoffman, director of the Center for Business Ethics at Bentley College outside Boston."  -AP via  -NandoTimes  20020718 "Army secretary [Thomas White] defends his record as former Enron executive." ... "White was vice chairman of an Enron subsidiary called Enron Energy Services, which critics say engaged in questionable electricity trading that helped drive up power prices during the 2000-2001 California power crisis." -By Matt Kelley  -AP via  -Boston/Globe 20020707 "Senate subcommittee says Enron board at fault:  A Senate subcommittee released a report Sunday holding Enron's board of directors directly accountable for the energy giant's collapse." ... "The report cites numerous failures by the board, including the failure to stop Enron from using misleading accounting, the failure to ensure the independence of the company's auditor, Arthur Andersen, and the failure to protect shareholders from unfair dealings in an outside partnership run by the company's chief financial officer." -CNN/AllPolitics.com  20020628 "Justice Department charges three former British bankers with wire fraud scheme involving Enron." ... "The charges against the bankers were the first involving Enron as a company, as opposed to the indictment in March of its auditor, Arthur Andersen LLP. Andersen was convicted of obstructing justice for shredding Enron audit documents." -By Christopher Newton -AP via  -Boston/Globe 20020626 "Playboy's "Women of Enron" issue out." ... "Ten past and present Enron women shed their threads for the Chicago-based adult magazine's August issue, though some showed more of the naked truth than others." -AP via  -Salon  20020620 "Bigger Than Enron:  Why the largest business scandal in American history is just the tip of the iceberg — and why investors should care." -PBS /FrontLine : "Introduction: With a commentary by correspondent Hedrick Smith." "Accounting Lessons: Harvey Pitt, Arthur Levitt, Paul Volcker, Joseph Berardino, and others, on lessons learned from Enron and Andersen." "The Politics of Enron:  David Brooks of The Weekly Standard and Robert Kuttner of The American Prospect debate the political fallout, or lack of it." "Congress and the Accounting Wars: During the 90s, the Big Five flexed its political muscle as never before. Here's a look at three major battles of the decade." "Who Dropped the Ball?  And what is being done to prevent future Enrons? A primer on corporate watchdogs, conflicts of interest, and new reforms on the table." "Reforms on the Table:  An overview of post-Enron reforms being proposed by the SEC, Congress, the White House, and Wall Street." "A Tale of Two Chairmen:  When it comes to policing corporate America in the wake of Enron and Arthur Andersen, the controversial SEC Chairman Harvey Pitt and his equally controversial predecessor, Arthur Levitt, have defined and galvanized the central debates over reforming Wall Street and the accounting industry. FRONTLINE recently interviewed the two chairmen." Interviews with:  Joseph Berardino, CEO of Andersen Worldwide from January 2001 to March 2002. Arthur Levitt, SEC Chairman, 1993 to 2000. Joseph Lieberman, U.S. Senator, (D-Conn.). Harvey Pitt, SEC Chairmen since August 2001. Sarah Teslik, executive director, Council of Institutional Investors. Lynn Turner, SEC's chief accountant, 1998 to 2001. Paul Volcker, Federal Reserve Board Chairman, 1979 to 1987. "'Frontline' lays bare hows and whys of the Enron debacle." ... "In the end, it's a cautionary tale and a call for reforms." ... "Veteran journalist Hedrick Smith is the correspondent/producer, and he finds plenty of blame to spread around: an oversight system gone soft, greedy corporate executives protecting their stock options, conflicts of interests among supposed watchdogs and outside auditors doubling as "consultants," and congressional actions that -- so Smith judges, at least -- blocked efforts at protecting investors." -By Ann Hodges  -HoustonChronicle.com  20020617 "Andersen's guilty verdict puts chill on other boardrooms:  he decision worries many by penalizing the whole firm for one worker's deed." ... "Whether or not Andersen wins on appeal, experts agree the damage to the 89-year-old accounting firm has already been done. So far, almost 800 of its 2,300 clients have fired Andersen, and the company has resigned itself to losing its auditing business entirely." ... "But in the end, jurors said they did not believe Andersen's destruction of documents or e-mails was illegal. They did find obstruction by an in-house lawyer Nancy Temple, when she requested that lead Enron auditor David Duncan remove her name from a memo related to the company because it would increase "the chances that I might be a witness, which I prefer to avoid."" -By Kris Axtman -CSMonitor/subscribe 20020616 - "Jury finds Andersen guilty:  Auditor convicted of obstructing U.S. investigation of Enron failure. Firm says verdict 'effectively ends' its core practice." ... "In an inglorious end to its 89-year history as the country's pre-eminent accounting firm, Chicago-based Andersen was convicted Saturday of obstruction of justice for interfering with a federal investigation of its failed client, Enron Corp." ... "In a surprise to defense attorneys, jurors said their decision to convict centered not on the shredding of trunks full of paperwork but largely on the changing of a just a few words by in-house Andersen attorney Nancy Temple on Andersen internal memos." -By E.A. Torriero and Robert Manor -ChicagoTribune  20020615 "Arthur Andersen Found Guilty of Obstructing Justice:  Lawyers for Accounting Firm Likely to Appeal Verdict." ... "Arthur Andersen LLP was found guilty of obstruction of justice today, in a verdict that could doom the venerable accounting giant and bolster the government's upcoming case against Enron Corp." -WashingtonPost 20020603 - TX - Enron News "Texas regulators move to fine Enron subsidiary." ... ""The Public Utility Commission of Texas moved to fine Enron $7million as part of the agency's investigation into the over-scheduling of power by several companies last fall." ... "Enron, which filed bankruptcy Dec. 2, has 30 days to respond, PUC spokesman Terry Hadley said Monday." -By Natalie Gott -AP via -Boston/Globe 20020523 "White House yields to Senate subpoena:  Enron files are released." ... "Unless the Wednesday release persuades Democrats on the committee to shelve the vote for subpoenas, it would be up to the White House to comply or ignore the threat."  -By Michael Hedges and David Ivanovich -HoustonChronicle.com  20020522 "Suppliers deny using Enron tactics:  Power firms answer FERC questions." ... "Enron's traders used 10 questionable trading strategies to, among other things, create phantom congestion on California's power transmission, ship electricity out of the state to circumvent state price caps and submit unrealistic power demand schedules during the crisis, all at a time when California was scrambling just to keep the lights on." -By David Ivanovich -HoustonChronicle.com  "Senate Governmental Affairs Committee's subpoena for the Executive Office of the President." Regarding contacts by members of the executive branch with Enron. -FindLaw/Documents "White House gets Enron subpoena." ... "If the committee's use of subpoena powers is backed by the courts, the White House would be legally obliged to disclose details of its dealings with the bankrupt energy trader."   -BBC /News  20020514 "Enron Auditor Admits Crime:  Andersen's Duncan Ordered Shredding." ... "The statements by the 43-year-old accountant -- his first public remarks since his plea last month -- are damaging to Andersen's case as the accounting firm must prove that Duncan did nothing wrong even though he has pleaded guilty to illegal destruction of documents. A partnership can be found criminally liable for the acts of one of its partners." -By Carrie Johnson -WashingtonPost  20020512 "Enron Memos Fuel Inquiry of Power Pricing:  Documents lend credence to claims the [California] state's [energy] crisis was at least partly manufactured." -By Tim Reiterman and Nancy Rivera-Brooks -LAtimes  20020512 "Oil Firms Said to Prop Up Gas Prices." ... "Oil company mergers and the deliberate withholding of gasoline from the market by some firms have tightened supplies and forced price fluctuations at the pump, a Senate investigative report concluded yesterday." -By Kenneth Bredemeier -WashingtonPost 20020429 "[California] State GOP Sought Donations From Enron: Requests brought in $50,000 during probe of the energy firm." ... "Republican legislative leaders solicited tens of thousands of dollars in campaign donations from Enron Corp. even as the state government was investigating the company and other producers suspected of price gouging and market manipulation during last year's energy crisis, according to internal Enron documents." -By Virginia Ellis and Carl Ingram -LAtimes  20020426 "Ex-Im Bank working with Justice Enforcers interested in Enron records." ... "The Export-Import Bank, which helped finance some of Enron's overseas projects, told a lawmaker this week that it was cooperating with a federal criminal probe of the bankrupt energy giant." -By William L. Watts -CBSNews /MarketWatch  EXIM.gov - "Export-Import Bank of the United States." 20020423 <RocketNews>preset news search for <Enron> added. 20020415 "The Collapse of Enron: A Bibliography of Online Legal, Government and Legislative Resources." -By Stephanie J. Burke  -LLRX.com  20020410 "The Mysterious Death Of An Enron Exec." ... "Police were criticized for calling it a suicide before investigating, so they kept the case open. The fact that it's still open more than two months later has made the Cliff Baxter case prime fodder for murder conspiracy theories, reports CBS News Correspondent Sharyl Attkisson." -CBSNews Search Google: <Cliff Baxter> Search Google: <Bush Lay> TheSmokingGun.com has archived the Bush-Lay correspondence "exchanged during the years Bush served as governor of Texas," released by the Austin state archives. They've also archived  the 64 page Enron "Code of Ethics." [PDF] version: "Code of Ethics" -TheSmokingGun.com  20020304 "Vinson & Elkins' Smoking Gun."  -(printer-friendly) -By Douglas McCollam -AmericanLawyer.com via -Law.com  "How Big a Slice?  Disclosure key to Milbank Tweed's bid for second helpings of Enron."  One of the lead law firms working for creditors in the Enron bankruptcy case previously earned over $17 million working for Enron and was still working for various Enron Wind subsidiaries when hired to work for creditors against Enron. -(printer-friendly) -By Nathan Koppel -AmericanLawyer.com via -Law.com 20020228 "Enron Cited in Call for Reform:  Bankruptcy judge OKs emergency fund for 4,500 former employees but refuses to order payout of legal fees to executives and directors." -By Thomas S. Mulligan, Warren Vieth, and Walter Hamilton -LAtimes  20020226 "Skilling: Getting Off The Titanic In Ireland." -By Dan Ackman  -Forbes 20020214 "Comics laugh all way to bank at the expense of Enron execs."  ...  ""You know what Ken Lay had for breakfast this morning? Shredded wheat," Jay Leno jokes."   "Dennis Miller asks: "Wouldn't it be great if all of Osama bin Laden's money was tied up in Enron stock?""  -AP via -HoustonChronicle.com  20020213 "The 100-Proof Fifth:  Enron Execs' Watered-Down Pleas Are No Match for the Punch of McCarthy Era."  Compares the timid treatment of Enron executives choice not to speak with the treatment received by witnesses during the 1950's House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) investigation. -By Peter Carlson -WashingtonPost  "At Enron, Overenthusiasm or Deception?  Executives' Rosy Picture of Broadband Venture Gave No Hint of Impending Crash." -By Peter Behr-WashingtonPost  "The Enron file: Will anyone end up going to jail?  Despite the appearance of clear misdeeds, proving criminal intent in white-collar cases is difficult." -By Peter Grier and Seth Stern  -CSMonitor/buy 20020212 "Vinson & Elkins Shoots Back:  Vinson & Elkins offers its most detailed response yet to critical report on its work for embattled Enron Corp." -(printer-friendly) -By Otis Bilodeau -LegalTimes via -Law.com  20020211 "Enron Shareholder Suits? Not So Fast:  Champions of securities-litigation reform should have been more careful about the law they managed to get passed in 1995." -By Dan Carney -BusinessWeek/DailyBriefing  "An Edge to Enron's Lobbying Strategy." -By Johanna Neuman -LAtimes "Enron Lobbyist Plotted Strategy Against Democrats." ... "While the Bush administration was drafting its national energy policy, a leading lobbyist for Enron Corp. was plotting strategy to turn the plan into a political weapon against Democrats, according to a newly obtained memo." -By Mark Z. Barabak -LAtimes via -ChicagoTribune  20020208  ;-)  "My secret was safe with Dick, and for that the V.P. will always be my hero." -TomDancingBug -By Ruben Bolling  -Salon "Enron Testimony Clashes:  Ex-CEO's Account Contradicted by 2 Former Executives." -By Craig Whitlock and Susan Schmidt-WashingtonPost  "The man who wants Cheney's Enron files." -By Gail Russell Chaddock -CSMonitor/buy "Enron's fall ripples into other firms:  Wall Street is skittish about businesses far from Houston." -By Ron Scherer  -CSMonitor/buy 20020207 "Skilling on the Hot Seat:  Ex-Enron CEO a Swashbuckler Who Took Home Millions."  Once lauded Skilling "walked away with at least $69 million from sales of company shares," just prior to Enron's "$60 billion implosion." -ABCNEWS.com  20020206 "No Regrets:  Enron Exec Sold $270 Million in Stock Before Company Collapsed." ... "As a top Enron executive, [Lou] Pai set up a series of multibillion-dollar deals that, even though they mostly failed, produced huge up-front bonuses for him in Enron stock." -By Brian Ross -ABCNEWS.com  "'Illegal Activity' At Enron, Pol Says:  •Rep. Billy Tauzin Opens Hearing With Charges Of Illegality. •Congress Learns How Employees Were Bankrupted...  •...Even As Enron's Executives Cashed Out." -CBSNews  20020205 "Enron accountants may be placed on leave after issuance of report." -By Rebecca Smith -WSJ.com via -MSNBC  "Subpoena for Lay authorized." -HoustonChronicle 20020204 "Ex-Chairman of Enron Cancels Hill Testimony:  Lawyer Warns Of Accusatory Atmosphere." -By Susan Schmidt-WashingtonPost  "How Chewco Brought Down an Empire." -By Peter Behr-WashingtonPost "Enron lapses and corporate ethics:   New questions surface about corporate leaders as Kenneth Lay testifies before Congress today." -By Kris Axtman and Ron Scherer -CSMonitor/buy 20020203 ;-)  "Enron was, in layman's terms, a nest of dirtballs." -By Dave Barry -Miami Herald  "Enron Panel Finds Inflated Profits and Few Controls." (1, 2) -By Kurt Eichenwald -NYTimes via -AltaVista  20020202 "White House Told to Save Enron Records." -By Stephen Labaton and Don Van Natta Jr. -NYTimes via -AltaVista  20020201 "Enron: A House Divided." -By Dan Ackman -Forbes  "Some of Enron chief's recommendations got jobs."  Both the Chairman of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC.gov), Pat Wood, and commission member Nora Brownell, received jobs from President Bush's administration after recomendations by Ken Lay. -AP via -USATODAY  "Houston, we have a problem:  The city where deregulation is king is in Enron denial -- and won't let go of its wildcatting ways." (1, 2, 3, 4) -Salon 20020131 "Enron Directors Backed Moving Debt Off Books." -By Kathleen Day and Peter Behr -WashingtonPost  20020130 "Of Executives And Privilege." -By Dan Ackman -Forbes  "The spreading Enron mess:  As revelations in the Enron affair continue to tumble out, employees and investors are furious at the way senior executives seem to have behaved and at how auditors, analysts, banks, rating agencies and regulators turned a blind eye to what was going on. Changes to financial and corporate regulation in America seem inevitable." -Economist  "Did Enron jack up energy futures?  Investigators probe whether firm manipulated power prices." -By Jeanne Cummings -WSJ.com via  -MSNBC  The Wall Street Journal reports that "On Dec. 3, the day after Enron filed for protection from its creditors under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, the forward markets — hedge trading on future energy prices — on the West Coast fell 30 percent, McCullough testified. After ruling out other possible causes for the price drop — a decline in hydroelectric supply or a spike in fossil-fuel prices —“the clear implication is that Enron may have been using its market dominance to set forward prices,” he said. With Enron out of the market, prices fell." 20020129 "Malpractice Exposure For Enron Law Firm." -By Riva D. Atlas -NYTimes via -LexisONE /News  [PDF] FERC "Chairman [Pat] Wood testifies before the United States Senate on the implications of Enron's collapse on Energy Markets." -FERC.gov  Appendix: Figures 1-3: 1 - "Selected Spot Power Prices." 2 - "Selected Natural Gas Spot Prices." 3 - "Energy Assets and Markets." Commentary - "Enron and Campaign Finance." -CSMonitor/buy "Restructuring Expert [Stephen Cooper] Named as Enron CEO." -By Kristen Hays -AP via -WashingtonPost  20020128 "For sale on eBay: The Enron ethics manual and much more." -By William Hageman -ChicagoTribune ;-) Search eBay for <Enron> Also on eBay: "Enron Risk Management 101, training manual." "Enron Calculator.... how we do taxes!" "Enron Code of Ethics.... 64 page paperback ... dated July 2000." "Enron Risk Assessment and Control Manual" - "Downing Street rebuffs Enron claims." -BBC /News "Enron scandal at a glance." -BBC /News "Enron's Lawyers: Eyes Wide Shut?" -Dan Ackman -Forbes  "Timeline: Enron's rise and fall:  BBC News Online chronicles the key moments of the spectacular rise and fall of US energy giant Enron." -BBC /News  "Enron sued by ["current and former"] staff." -BBC /News  ""Enron executives were profiting from an elaborate shell game, using the hard-earned retirement savings of their loyal employees," said Randy McClanahan, one of the lawyers for the employees." 20020127 "Houston Law Firm Helped Craft Enron Deals:  Vinson & Elkins Has Close Social, Political Ties With Troubled Energy-Trading Company." -By James V. Grimaldi and Peter Behr -WashingtonPost "Enron's Way: Pay Packages Foster Spin, Not Results." -By David Leonhardt -NYTimes via -Moreover "A Fog Over Enron, and the Legal Landscape."  (1, 2)  -By Diana B. Henriques and Kurt Eichenwald -NYTimes via  -Moreover "Potential investors were told, in detail, about the company's off-the- books transactions and assets, information that Enron had not disclosed to its public shareholders. Indeed, partnership investors knew that Enron controlled at least 50 percent more assets than the company had disclosed in its audited financial statements, filed with the S.E.C. and provided to public shareholders." "Enron Story Echoes Old Conflict-of-Interest Theme." -By Chet Currier -Bloomberg  /WealthManager  20020126 "Ralph Reed denies White House, Enron job tie." -CNN  "The White House acknowledged Friday that in 1997, as George W. Bush was deciding whether to run for president, his senior political adviser Karl Rove recommended GOP strategist Ralph Reed for a consulting job with Enron Corp. Reed, former head of the Christian Coalition, went to work for Enron as a strategist, making from $10,000 to $20,000 a month, according to The New York Times."  "White House Could be Sued Over Cheney Advisers." -By Don Van Natta Jr. -NYTimes via  -CBSnews/MarketWatch Concerning Vice President Cheney's insistence that his contact with energy executives during the formulation of the nation's energy policy be kept secret, the New York Times reports that "Mr. Waxman said the Bush administration is trying to carve out a legal precedent. "I think the administration is trying to use this issue as a way to establish a new precedent that they can operate in secrecy and not be accountable to the public or the Congress," Mr. Waxman said. "I think in light of the Enron situation, there's an even greater reason for the administration to want to come clean and talk about Enron, among other special interests, that influenced the decisions of the energy task force."" "White House orders Enron contracts probe." -By Peter Spiegel and Gwen Robinson -FT.com  20020125 "Former Enron exec dies in apparent suicide." -CNN.com "Campaign finance reform legislation clears major hurdle." ...  "Using Enron as evidence for their cause, supporters of campaign finance reform won their long fight Thursday to force a House vote on legislation aimed at curbing the influence of big money in politics."  -By David Espo  -NandoTimes  20020124 "Enron and Andersen." Tracking which politicians received money from Enron and Anderson.-Opensecrets.org Enron: "Total Contributions Since 1989." "Top Individual Donors." Anderson: "Total Contributions Since 1989." "Top Individual Donors." Enron and Anderson: "Contributions to Congress." Comics ;-) "Ricky and Debbie Vist Enron." and get economics explained by the 'Invisible Hand.' -TomTheDancingBug via -Salon /comics  "Levitt ]former SEC chairman]: Enron not isolated case:  Calls for end to Wall Street's conflicts of interest." -By Lisa Smith, Medill News Service via  -CBSnews/MarketWatch      ""We must better expose Wall Street analysts' conflicts of interest," said Levitt. "As long as analysts are paid based on banking deals they generate or work on, there will always be a cloud over what they say." "Congress tries to unravel Enron mess:  Audit firm continues to shift blame; Duncan takes Fifth." -By Matt Andrejczak -CBSnews/MarketWatch  "Lay could pocket almost $17 million:  Enron chair, CEO resigned for company's survival." -By Lisa Sanders & Allen Wan, -CBSnews/MarketWatch  "Enron auditor ripped as hearings open:  Fired Andersen accountant refuses to testify before House panel." -MSNBC  "Enron Chief Quits Ahead of Hearings." -By Michael Graczyk -AP via -LAtimes  20020123 "FBI searches Enron head office." -BBC /News "Enron execs’ benefits kept flowing:  As workers’ pensions waned, top managers’ plans waxed." -By Ellen E. Schultz and Theo Francis -WSJ.com via  -MSNBC  20020122 "Enron execs sold $1.3B in stock:  CEO sold $201.6M in stock, made $119M in profit in last three years."  -CNN/fn  "Enron Raised Funds In Private Offering:  Shareholders in Dark, Documents Show." -By Peter Behr -WashingtonPost 20020121 "Congress probes Enron exemption:  SEC ruling freed units of company from some oversight." -By Michael Schroeder -WSJ.com via  -MSNBC  "Cover-Up?  Former Enron Exec Says Documents Were Shredded After Probe Was Launched." -ABCNEWS.com  "Enron Case Raises the Bar in Texas:  A matter that's big even by the state's usual standards has the legal community in a frenzy, with lawyers hiring their own lawyers and others dodging conflicts." -By David Streitfeld-LAtimes  20020120 "Enron Is Proving Costly to Economy: Energy projects valued at $12 billion are on hold as financial markets make it tougher to raise capital. Any shortages would fall heavily on consumers." -By James Flanigan-LAtimes "The very decline of Enron stock from more than $90 a share to 50 cents a share in a single year has taken a massive $67 billion of shareholder wealth out of the economy. Many employees and former employees at Enron face meager retirements." 20020118 "Cheney intervened on Enron India plant: Texas official resigns:  Vice president spoke with Indian official regarding investment." -MSNBC  "Andersen Knew of Enron Risks Last February: E-mail memo indicates executives in Chicago were aware of questionable issues. Also, the energy trader's board fires the auditor." -By Richard Simon and Jerry Hirsch-LAtimes  "Enron Creditors Could Invoke 'Intent-to-Defraud' Clause." -By Terry Brennan -Law.com  20020117 "Georgia Angling to Recoup Enron Loss in Worker Retirement Plan." -By Jonathan Ringel -Law.com  "A New Twist in Enron's Can of Worms:  Congressional probers are now examining whether the company used complex but legal securities to mask the true size of its debt load." -By Howard Gleckman -BusinessWeek/Daily  20020116 "Lessons of Enron: How could no one have seen it?  Bankruptcy forces a look at accounting, Wall Street practices, and pension plans." -By Ron Scherer and David R. Francis  -CSMonitor/buy  "The Enron collapse has been notable in at least two aspects. The first is that the firm was politically well-wired, the largest single contributor to the Bush for President campaign and a benefactor of some top Democrats. The second is that there seemed to be different rules for Enron executives, who reaped huge financial rewards from sales of company stock, and lower-level workers, who were prevented from unloading similar shares in their personal pension funds". 20020115 "Enron's reach in Congress:  The company's deep connections to both parties renews calls for campaign-finance law." -By Liz Marlantes and Gail Russell Chaddock -CSMonitor/buy  "Enron Chief Was Warned of Problems: A top officer's memo to Chairman Lay, found by congressional investigators, cautioned that "funny accounting" practices could embroil the firm in scandal." -By Edmund Sanders, Richard Simon, and David Streitfeld -LAtimes  20020114 "Contacts between Enron, Bush Cabinet detailed." -By Jim Drinkard  -USATODAY  "Enron fall turns dreams to dust:  Ex-employees tell of highflying days, then helplessness." -By Flynn McRoberts -ChicagoTribune "Pressure on Cheney to disclose [Enron's input on nation's energy policy]." -By William Neikirk -ChicagoTribune  20011213 "Enron: Who's Accountable?  Inside the growing Enron scandal: how evidence was shredded and top executives fished for a bailout as the company imploded." -By Daniel Kadlec -TIME.com "Auditor Hints of 'Illegal Acts' at Enron:  Arthur Andersen CEO Also Says His Firm Made Judgment Error." -By David S. Hilzenrath -WashingtonPost 20020112 "Hidden Numbers Crushed Enron:  'Partnerships' Shielded $600 Million Debt." -By Peter Behr -WashingtonPost "Rubin Asked Treasury About Aid to Enron." -By Dana Milbank and Susan Schmidt  -WashingtonPost 20020111 "Enron: Now the IRS Joins the Hunt:  The latest question: Did the humbled energy giant take deductions for $1.2 billion in debt carried on its books as shareholders' equity? -BusinessWeek/Daily  "Congress deepens Enron probe:  Bush officials say no help was offered to Enron head." -By Matt Andrejczak -CBSNews /MarketWatch  20020110 "Enron Fallout:  The Justice Department begins a criminal investigation of the former energy giant Enron." -PBS /NewsHour  "U.S. attorney disqualifies himself from inquiry into Enron." -AP via -NandoTimes  "USA: Auditor Says Enron Documents Gone." -By Marcy Gordon  -AP via -CorpWatch.org  "Criminal inquiry into Enron collapse."-BBC /News 20020109 "DOJ in Enron criminal probe:  Congress also stirs; creditors ask Enron's trading unit sale be delayed." -CNN  "Enron Met With Cheney Before Fall." -By Pete Yost  -AP via-LAtimes 20020107 "Who’s Counting?  Enron Mess Raises Questions About Andersen, Accounting Practices." -By Peter Dizikes -ABCNEWS.com  20011222 "Ex-Enron CEO: Not me:  Skilling says he had "no idea" about company's financial woes: report." -CNN/fn   20011217 "Digging Into the Deal That Broke Enron:  Behind the web of mysterious partnerships that led to the world’s biggest corporate collapse. Follow the Raptors." -By Allan Sloan -MSNBC /Newsweek  20011213 "Auditor Hints of 'Illegal Acts' at Enron:  Arthur Andersen CEO Also Says His Firm Made Judgment Error." -By David S. Hilzenrath -WashingtonPost  20011210 Comics - .Bush on the front - Enron in the background. -Pat Oliphant -uComics  "Enron Fallout: Wide, But Not Deep:  Enron's collapse has hurt big American banks. But not as much as a default by Argentina would." 20011210 (24) -By Nelson D. Schwartz -Fortune  "Why Enron Went Bust:  Start with arrogance. Add greed, deceit, and financial chicanery. What do you get? A company that wasn't what it was cracked up to be." 20011210 (24) -By Bethany McLean -Fortune  20011202 Chapter 11:  Enron files for bankruptcy. 20011016 October 16, 2001 From the BBC: "Timeline: Enron's rise and fall:  BBC News Online chronicles the key moments of the spectacular rise and fall of US energy giant Enron." -20020128 -BBC /News  "Enron reports losses of $638m run up between July and September and announces a $1.2 billion reduction in shareholder equity.   "The reduction in company value relates to partnerships set up and run by chief financial officer Andrew Fastow." 20010815 Enron vice president Sherron Watkins sends CEO Kenneth Lay a latter warning him that Enron may "implode in a wave of accounting scandals." 20020128 - "Enron's Lawyers: Eyes Wide Shut?" -Dan Ackman -Forbes  20010814 Enron vice president Skilling resigns. 20010305  Enron News - "Is Enron Overpriced?  It's in a bunch of complex businesses. Its financial statements are nearly impenetrable. So why is Enron trading at such a huge multiple?" (1, 2, 3) -Bethany McLean -Fortune

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